Heart Health -

Understand Your Heart Health

Knowledge is the first step toward a healthier life. Select a condition below to explore detailed information, common symptoms, and management strategies tailored to your needs.

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High Blood Pressure

What is High Blood Pressure?²

High blood pressure, also called hypertension, happens when the force of blood against your blood vessel walls stays too high for a long time.

Blood pressure is measured using 2 numbers:

Systolic pressure: the top number, which shows the pressure when your heart beats
Diastolic pressure: the bottom number, which shows the pressure when your heart relaxes

A normal blood pressure is usually below 120/80 mmHg.

Why Does It Matter?³

High blood pressure (also called hypertension) can lead to serious problems like heart attacks or strokes. But lifestyle changes and blood pressure medicines can help you stay healthy.

Symptoms of
High Blood Pressure³

High blood pressure does not usually cause any symptoms. Many people have it without realising it. Rarely, high blood pressure can cause symptoms such as:

But the only way to find out if you have high blood pressure is to get your blood pressure checked.

Have a healthy, balanced diet
Exercise regularly – aim to do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week
Lose weight if you’re overweight

Do not eat too much salt – avoid salty food or adding salt to your meals
Do not drink too much alcohol – avoid drinking more than 14 alcohol units a week on a regular basis
Do not drink too much caffeine – drinks high in caffeine include coffee, tea and cola
Do not smoke

High Cholesterol

What is High Cholesterol & its impact?⁴

Cholesterol is a fatty substance in your blood. Your body needs some cholesterol, but too much can build up in your blood vessels and make it harder for blood to flow.
High cholesterol does not usually cause symptoms. You can only find out if you have it from a blood test.

Over time, high cholesterol can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
Too much cholesterol can block your blood vessels. It makes you more likely to have heart problems or a stroke.

Different Types of Cholesterol⁴

Causes of High Cholesterol⁴

Ways to Lower Your Cholesterol⁵

Eat less fatty food
Try to cut down on fatty food, especially food that contains a type of fat called saturated fat.

Try to eat more:

Oily fish, like mackerel and salmon
Olive oil
Brown rice, wholegrain bread and wholewheat pasta
Nuts and seeds
Fruits and vegetables

Try to eat less:

Fatty meat
Butter, lard and ghee
Cream and cheese
Cakes and biscuits

Exercise More
Aim to do at least 150 minutes (2.5 hours) of moderate intensity exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous intensity activity a week.

Exercises like:

Walking
Swimming
Cycling

Stop smoking
Smoking can raise your cholesterol and make you more likely to have serious problems like heart attacks, strokes and cancer.

Cut down on alcohol
Avoid drinking on a regular basis.

Heart Attack

What is a Heart Attack?⁶

A heart attack, also called a myocardial infarction, happens when a part of the heart muscle doesn’t get enough blood. The more time that passes without treatment to restore blood flow, the greater the damage to the heart muscle.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the main cause of heart attack. A less common cause is a severe spasm, or sudden contraction, of a coronary artery that can stop blood flow to the heart muscle.